Deadwood, South Dakota  The famous and the infamous have called 
Deadwood and the
Black Hills home over the last several centuries. 
Lewis and Clark, 
Wild Bill Hickok, 
Wyatt Earp, 
George Armstrong Custer, 
Poker Alice, the Sundance Kid, 
Calamity Jane, and many others have all passed through here in search of fortune and adventure. 
 But, long before the arrival of the white man, the land was home to the 
Cheyenne, 
Kiowa, 
Pawnee Crow and 
Sioux (or
Lakota ) 
Indians. The 
Sioux, who migrated from Minnesota in the 1700's, dominated a tract of land large enough to support the 
buffalo herds on which they subsisted. 
 At about the same time as the 
Lakota migration, French Canadian 
explorers began mapping the 
Missouri River and trading with the 
Indians for pelts and hides to be shipped back East. Adventurers Francois and Joseph La Verendrye claimed the region for King Louis XV in 1743 by placing an engraved lead plate on the bank of the 
Missouri River near present-day Pierre.